home
***
CD-ROM
|
disk
|
FTP
|
other
***
search
/
TIME: Almanac 1990
/
1990 Time Magazine Compact Almanac, The (1991)(Time).iso
/
time
/
011689
/
01168900.065
< prev
next >
Wrap
Text File
|
1990-09-17
|
3KB
|
60 lines
HEALTH & FITNESS, Page 73New Perils of the Pill?Reports of a link to breast cancer stir confusion and fear
When oral contraceptives were introduced in 1960, women
embraced them as a dream drug: an easy, reliable and safe way to
prevent pregnancy. But fears spread in the 1970s, after researchers
found that users of the Pill, particularly smokers, were somewhat
more vulnerable than other women to heart attacks and strokes. In
the '80s the Pill became attractive again after scientists showed
that it helps protect against ovarian and endometrial cancer.
Now women are confused -- even panicked -- once more, this time
by reports suggesting that the use of birth-control pills increases
the risk of breast cancer. After newspaper and TV stories on the
possible link appeared last week, doctors were besieged by calls
from many of the 13.2 million American women who take the Pill. And
no wonder: breast cancer is the third leading cause of death among
U.S. women, killing 42,000 a year.
The concern stemmed from two U.S. studies and one from Britain.
Among the findings:
Childless women who started menstruating before age 13 and had
been on the Pill for eight to eleven years were nearly three times
as likely to develop breast cancer as comparable women who had not
used oral contraceptives.
Women who took the Pill for more than ten years tripled their
risk of developing breast cancer by age 45.
The rate of breast cancer in women 30 to 34 who were former
pill users was three times as high as in those who had not taken
the drug.
Though unsettling, these studies are far from conclusive. They
contradict about 30 previous surveys, nearly all of which indicated
that the Pill is safe. Last week an advisory committee of the Food
and Drug Administration met to review the handful of studies
suggesting otherwise. The panel's conclusion: the evidence is too
weak to warrant a change in pill use or a new warning label. But
the group admitted that the issue is not settled and called for
further research.
Some consumer advocates think women should be warned that the
safety of oral contraceptives is in question. "It's not clear the
Pill is not associated with breast cancer," contended Judy
Norsigian of Boston's Women's Health Book Collective. But most
scientists, including those who conducted the disturbing studies,
backed the FDA's stance. Said Bruce Stadel, an agency
epidemiologist: "The findings are inconsistent and difficult to
reconcile with biological plausibility."
Researchers believe the latest findings could be due to errors
in study design or interpretation. Moreover, the surveys may not
be relevant to current pills. The reports contain data on women who
took older formulations of oral contraceptives; today's tablets
contain lower levels of sex hormones and are considered much safer.
Most doctors remain convinced that the Pill's documented benefits
far outweigh unproven risks. Women will have to decide for
themselves whether they agree.